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California’s Groundwater Update 2013: A Compilation of Enhanced Content for California Water Plan Update 2013

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | April 1st, 2015

Summary

The primary goal of California’s Groundwater Update 2013: A Compilation of Enhanced Content for California Water Plan Update 2013 (California’s Groundwater Update 201

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California’s Groundwater: Bulletin 118 — Update 2025 Highlights

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | October 20th, 2025

Summary

California’s Groundwater: Bulletin 118 — Update 2025 (CalGW Update 2025) serves as the most up-to-date and comprehensive compendium of statewide data and information

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California’s Most Significant Droughts: Comparing Historical and Recent Conditions

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | February 2nd, 2015

Summary

This report was prepared in response to the dry conditions of 2012-14 (Figure 1.1) and particularly in response to the very dry hydrology of water year 2014. Water year 2

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California’s Next Million Acre-Feet: Saving Water, Energy, and Money

Pacific Institute | September 26th, 2010

Summary

A new analysis from the Pacific Institute recommends specific actions that can annually save a million acre-feet of water quickly and at a lower economic and ecological c

A new analysis from the Pacific Institute recommends specific actions that can annually save a million acre-feet of water quickly and at a lower economic and ecological cost than developing new supplies. The assessment notes that new actions are immediately needed to reduce the growing tensions over the state’s water resources and to address California’s persistent water supply challenges. This is a key time for California water: the California Water Bond has been tabled for at least two years and may be scrapped altogether. New reviews from around the state are calling for prompt efforts to use technology, economics, and institutional reform to address the state’s water crisis. All parties seem to agree that the state will need a diverse portfolio of solutions – but it makes the most sense to do the most effective things first. The Pacific Institute’s new report, California’s Next Million Acre-Feet: Saving Water, Energy, and Money, quantifies more than one million acre-feet of water that can be conserved through improved efficiency, with savings coming from the urban and industrial sectors and improvements in agriculture. “There is vast untapped potential to reduce our demand for water without affecting the services and benefits that water provides,” said Heather Cooley, co-director of the Pacific Institute’s Water Program and lead author of the report. “We identified how the next million acre-feet of water can be conserved in California, with approximately 30% of the savings from the urban sector and 70% from the agricultural sector. Both sectors have savings potential far exceeding this amount, and while we could have identified one million acre-feet of water savings annually in either sector alone, we’re showing how all sectors can benefit from these improvements.” In the urban sector, the report identifies water savings from replacing old, inefficient water-using devices with high-efficiency models in our homes and businesses, as well as replacing some lawns with low-water-use plants. In the agricultural sector, best water management practices include weather-based irrigation scheduling, regulated deficit irrigation, and switching from gravity or flood irrigation to sprinkler or drip irrigation systems. The efficiency improvements identified in California’s Next Million Acre-Feet require an upfront investment of less than $1.9 billion, costs that could be borne by a mix of state, federal, and local agencies and individuals – all at a small fraction of the cost of the proposed water bond. The cost of the conserved water is $185 per acre-foot for the agricultural sector and a net savings of $99 per acre-foot for the urban sector, over the lifetime of the efficiency improvement. Conserving water also conserves energy, saves money, and reduces the need for new water and energy projects.

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California’s San Joaquin Valley: A Region in Transition

Congressional Research Service (CRS) | December 12th, 2005

Summary

CRS was requested to undertake a study of the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) and a comparison with another U.S. region. The eight-county San Joaquin Valley, part of California�

CRS was requested to undertake a study of the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) and a comparison with another U.S. region. The eight-county San Joaquin Valley, part of California’s Central Valley, is home to 5 of the 10 most agriculturally productive counties in the United States. By a wide range of indicators, the SJV is also one of the most economically depressed regions of the United States. This report analyzes the SJV’s counties and statistically documents the basis of current socioeconomic conditions. The report further explores the extent to which the SJV shares similarities with and differs from the Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) area and a 68-county Central Appalachian subregion which contains some of the most economically distressed counties in Appalachia. The report also examines the role of federal expenditures in the cities and counties of the SJV. During the past twenty-five years, population growth rates in the SJV were significantly higher than for California or the United States and their projected growth rates over the next 20 years are also significantly higher. In 2000, the SJV also had substantially higher rates of poverty than California or the United States. Poverty rates were also significantly higher in the SJV than in the ARC region, although the rate is somewhat lower than that of the Central Appalachian subregion. Unemployment rates in the SJV were higher than in California or the United States and the ARC area. Per capita income and average family income were higher in the SJV than in Central Appalachia, but per capita income in the SJV was lower than in the ARC region as a whole. SJV households also had higher rates of public assistance income than did Central Appalachian households. Madera County ranked among the 10 lowest per capita income Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) in the United States in 2003, and the other 5 MSAs in the San Joaquin were all in the bottom 20% of all U.S. MSAs. Other indicators of social well-being discussed in the report showed that the SJV is a region of significant economic distress.

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California’s Severe Drought Has Only Marginal Impacts on Food Prices

University of California Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics | May 14th, 2015

Summary

The extreme drought that has gripped California over the past several years is causing onerous adjustments in the natural and human environments. Agriculture, which uses

The extreme drought that has gripped California over the past several years is causing onerous adjustments in the natural and human environments. Agriculture, which uses much of the state’s water, is at the center of many of these arduous responses. The 2015 impacts of the continuing drought are still underway, but in this special Agriculture and Resource Economics Update issue, we project responses and consequences within agriculture and more broadly. In this issue, Hanak and Mount put this drought in the context of California’s history and put agriculture in the context of water institutions, management, and distribution throughout the state. Next, Medellin-Azuara and co-authors develop detailed, and albeit preliminary, assessments of 2015 irrigation water distribution. They estimate a cut to agriculture of about 8.8 million acre-feet, or about 30% of what might be available in a normal year. (This number may be an underestimate given recent events.) During droughts, farms increase groundwater pumping. The authors estimate that farmers and ranchers will replace about 6.2 million acre-feet of lost surface water deliveries with costly increases in groundwater pumping, where possible in 2015. Another painful response to drought is to leave land idle. The authors estimate about 564,000 more acres, mostly field crop land in the Central Valley (including irrigated pastures), will be idled in 2015. This too may be an underestimate. USDA reported on June 30, that 2015 California acreage of “principal crops,” (defined as field crops such as hay, grains, oilseeds, cotton and potatoes) is about 900,000 acres below the 2013 total of about four million acres. Over this period, tree nut and tomato acreage increased by about 180,000 acres. So, even accounting for the steady shift to tree nuts and some other higher revenue per acre (and per acre-foot) crops, there is a strong indication of severely accelerated reductions in field crop acreage in California. The economic toll of the drought is fewer jobs and smaller value of output and economic contribution that would have otherwise occurred. Based on 564,000 idled acres, Howitt et al. estimates farm revenue losses of $1.8 billion, economy-wide revenue losses of $2.7 billion, and 18,600 fewer jobs due to the agricultural drought. That these economic impacts are not even larger is a testament to the extraordinary efforts and innovations by farmers, and others in California agriculture. Idling land, shifting water across crops, and using each acre-foot more economically all have led to smaller losses of revenue and jobs, and only very small price increases for consumers.

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California’s Stream Flow Monitoring System Is Essential for Water Decision Making

University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley) | April 1st, 2018

Summary

With California’s drought risk, flood risk, and demand for water all increasing, effective monitoring is more important than ever to water decision making. Str

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California’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Act and the Half-Exemption of Owens Valley Groundwater Basin

University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) | May 1st, 2024

Summary

This Comment first uses historical accounts and secondary sources to describe the history of Owens Valley groundwater. It next describes the Governing Documents that curr

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California’s Water Market, By the Numbers

Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) | October 17th, 2002

Summary

Prepared for presentation to the Department of Water Resources, October 2002.

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California’s Water Market, By the Numbers, Update 2012

Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) | November 21st, 2012

Summary

This report provides a check-up on California’s progress with two innovative water management tools: water marketing and groundwater banking. These tools are part o

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California’s Groundwater Update 2013: A Compilation of Enhanced Content for California Water Plan Update 2013

California’s Groundwater: Bulletin 118 — Update 2025 Highlights

California’s Most Significant Droughts: Comparing Historical and Recent Conditions

California’s Next Million Acre-Feet: Saving Water, Energy, and Money

California’s San Joaquin Valley: A Region in Transition

California’s Severe Drought Has Only Marginal Impacts on Food Prices

California’s Stream Flow Monitoring System Is Essential for Water Decision Making

California’s Sustainable Groundwater Management Act and the Half-Exemption of Owens Valley Groundwater Basin

California’s Water Market, By the Numbers

California’s Water Market, By the Numbers, Update 2012

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