Biological Opinion – California Water Library

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Installation of Bioretention Rain Gardens to Achieve Pollutant Reduction

San Francisco Estuary Institute (SFEI) | December 1st, 2019

Summary

Green infrastructure (GI) is a resilient approach to managing stormwater at its source while also delivering environmental, social, and economic benefits. GI uses vegetat

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Institutions and the Economic Efficiency of Managed Aquifer Recharge as a Mitigation Strategy Against Drought Impacts on Irrigated Agriculture in California

American Geophysical Union (AGU) | May 28th, 2022

Summary

Managed aquifer recharge (or intentional recharge) is a purposeful human intervention designed to supplement natural enrichment processes of groundwater aquifers by vario

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Instream flow evaluation: Temperature and passage assessment for salmonids in Mill Creek, Tehama County

California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) | May 8th, 2017

Summary

Mill Creek is among the essential streams for recovery and perpetuation of wild stocks of Central Valley spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), and support

Mill Creek is among the essential streams for recovery and perpetuation of wild stocks of Central Valley spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), and supports Central Valley steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; Armentrout et al. 1998). In addition, Mill Creek is utilized by fall-run Chinook salmon, late fall-run Chinook salmon, and Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus). The Recovery Plan for Central Valley Chinook Salmon and Steelhead (NMFS 2014) classified Mill Creek as a high priority Core 1 watershed because of its potential to support independent viable populations. Mill Creek is also identified as a priority stream in the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) Instream Flow Studies for the Protection of the Public Trust Resources: A Prioritized Schedule and Estimate of Cost (SWRCB 2010), and the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Final Restoration Plan for the Anadromous Fish Restoration Program: A Plan to Increase Natural Production of Anadromous Fish in the Central Valley of California (USFWS 2001). The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (Department) has interest in ensuring that water flows within streams are maintained at levels which are adequate for long-term protection, maintenance, and proper stewardship of fish and wildlife resources. The Department’s Instream Flow Program develops scientific information to determine what flows are needed to maintain healthy conditions for fish and wildlife. For each species of interest, life stage, and stream, relationships between flow and habitat are developed. The Department recommends using the federal Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) to evaluate and develop instream flow criteria for projects which may affect California’s aquatic resources. The IFIM process, and instream flow evaluations, in general, should include broad consideration of the structure and function of riverine systems while also providing examination of five core components (i.e., hydrology, biology, geomorphology, water quality, and connectivity) of the riverine system. The Public Resources Code (PRC) §10000-10005 outlines the Department’s responsibilities for developing and transmitting flow criteria to the SWRCB for consideration as set forth in 1257.5 of the Water Code. The results from this study are intended to be used, along with other supporting information and data, to identify stream flow requirements necessary for upstream passage of adult Chinook salmon and steelhead into the upper Mill Creek watershed pursuant to the Department’s PRC mandate. Flow criteria for lower Mill Creek will be developed by the Department in a future document.

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Instream Flow Regime Recommendations, Big Sur River, Monterey County

California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) | September 23rd, 2016

Summary

The Department of Fish and Wildlife (Department) has interest in assuring that water flows within streams are maintained at levels which are adequate for long-term protec

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Instream Flow Studies for the Protection of Public Trust Resources: A Prioritized Schedule and Estimate of Costs

California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) | February 18th, 2011

Summary

Chapter 5 of the 2009-10 Seventh Extraordinary Session (SB X7 1, Simitian) directs the State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board) to submit to the Legislatur

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Integrated approaches to understanding and reducing drought impact on food security across scales

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability (Elsevier) | October 1st, 2019

Summary

Understanding the cross-scale linkages between drought and food security is vital to developing tools to reduce drought impacts and support decision making. This study re

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Integrated Coastal Groundwater Monitoring Program and Plan

Monterey County Water Resources Agency (MCWRA) | May 19th, 2019

Summary

California American Water Company (CalAm) is working to increase sustainability of their water supply portfolio to meet the long-term needs of customers in their

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Integrated Environmental Modeling of Estuarine Systems: Lessons for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

Delta Stewardship Council (Delta Council) | April 18th, 2017

Summary

Complexity in estuarine systems calls for integrated and community-based approaches for using and developing models and data. Environmental and hydrodynamic models have h

Complexity in estuarine systems calls for integrated and community-based approaches for using and developing models and data. Environmental and hydrodynamic models have helped organize and extend knowledge and predictions for physical, biological, and chemical aspects. However, specialization has often steered science and management to fragmentation among models, data, and management of estuarine systems. Integration of models and data in platforms that increase collaboration, interdisciplinary work, organization and transparency have been successful in other systems. Mathematical modeling developed in the past few decades to capture current understanding and inform immediate decisions and long-term strategies remains the most viable science-based approach for supporting management of these complex systems. Changes and uncertainties require that such technical activities occur in a long-term adaptive management framework. However, strategies and responsibilities for selecting, developing, and employing models and data, selecting modeling questions, and making the best use of multiple modeling efforts among diverse institutions remain unresolved. A new approach is needed to build and evolve scientific and technical understanding and analysis capability for policy and management for large estuarine systems across institutions, interests, and different areas of expertise. A modeling Collaboratory is proposed that has capacity to build, refine, maintain and upgrade models, compare and contrast different scientific approaches, quantify uncertainty in predictions, synthesize current data, and accelerate the discovery of knowledge to inform policy and management for these challenging problems. A Collaboratory will focus on specific problems with a defined time-line, with the intent of providing broadly credible information for the many parties involved in decision-making and management. For the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, a partnership of the federal government, the State of California, and contractors, perhaps hosted by an academic institution, would establish this center with access to computational and scientific resources from agencies, consultants, NGOs, and academics.

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Integrated Hydrologic Model of Pajaro Valley, Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, California

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) | September 5th, 2014

Summary

Increasing population, agricultural development (including shifts to more water-intensive crops), and climate variability are placing increasingly larger demands on avail

Increasing population, agricultural development (including shifts to more water-intensive crops), and climate variability are placing increasingly larger demands on available groundwater resources in the Pajaro Valley, one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world. This study provided a refined conceptual model, geohydrologic framework, and integrated hydrologic model of the Pajaro Valley. The goal of this study was to produce a model capable of being accurate at scales relevant to water management decisions that are being considered in the revision and updates to the Basin Management Plan (BMP). The Pajaro Valley Hydrologic Model (PVHM) was designed to reproduce the most important natural and human components of the hydrologic system and related climatic factors, permitting an accurate assessment of groundwater conditions and processes that can inform the new BMP and help to improve planning for long-term sustainability of water resources. Model development included a revision of the conceptual model of the flow system, reevaluation of the previous model transformed into MODFLOW, implementation of the new geohydrologic model and conceptual model, and calibration of the transient hydrologic model. The conceptual model identified inflows and outflows that include the movement and use of water from natural and human components. The groundwater flow system is characterized as a layered geologic sedimentary system through which downward flow is driven by the combined effects of the application of irrigation water at the land surface and the pumping of groundwater from deeper in the system. Overall, groundwater meets most of the agricultural demand in the initial part of the growing season, augmented by precipitation during wet winter and spring seasons. In addition, the amount of groundwater used for irrigation varies from year to year in response to climate variation and can increase dramatically in dry years. Data on agricultural pumpage is a major component of simulated outflow that was previously unavailable; therefore, a coupled farm-process model was used to estimate historical pumpage for Pajaro Valley by subregion (water-balance subregions) as well as the delivery of surface water to and from the Harkins Slough Aquifer-Storage-and-Recovery System (HS-ASR) and related Coastal Distribution System (CDS) since 2002. The new, integrated hydrologic model includes new water-balance subregions; delineation of natural, municipal, and agricultural land use; streamflow networks; regions of tile drains; and, the groundwater flow system. The redefinition of the geohydrologic framework and incorporation into the simulation revealed the importance of the confining units at the base of the alluvial deposits and between the upper and lower Aromas Sand for regional groundwater flow.

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Integrated irrigation and nitrogen optimization is a resource-efficient adaptation strategy for US maize and soybean production

Nature Portfolio (Springer Nature) | January 8th, 2025

Summary

Climate change poses substantial challenges to agriculture and crop production, but the combined role of nitrogen and water inputs in adaptation has been largely overlook

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Page : 264

Installation of Bioretention Rain Gardens to Achieve Pollutant Reduction

Institutions and the Economic Efficiency of Managed Aquifer Recharge as a Mitigation Strategy Against Drought Impacts on Irrigated Agriculture in California

Instream flow evaluation: Temperature and passage assessment for salmonids in Mill Creek, Tehama County

Instream Flow Regime Recommendations, Big Sur River, Monterey County

Instream Flow Studies for the Protection of Public Trust Resources: A Prioritized Schedule and Estimate of Costs

Integrated approaches to understanding and reducing drought impact on food security across scales

Integrated Coastal Groundwater Monitoring Program and Plan

Integrated Environmental Modeling of Estuarine Systems: Lessons for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

Integrated Hydrologic Model of Pajaro Valley, Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, California

Integrated irrigation and nitrogen optimization is a resource-efficient adaptation strategy for US maize and soybean production

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