Tulare Lake

Located in the southern San Joaquin Valley, the Tulare Lake region is the largest agricultural region in California, with about 3 million of the region’s 10.9 million acres under irrigation. The main crops grown in this region are grapes, cotton, corn, alfalfa, almonds, and pistachios.

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Central Valley Region Salt and Nitrate Management Plan

Central Valley Salinity Alternatives for Long-Term Sustainability (CV-SALTS) | January 19th, 2017

Summary

Elevated salinity and nitrates in surface water and groundwater are increasing problems affecting much of California, other western states, and arid regions throughout th

Elevated salinity and nitrates in surface water and groundwater are increasing problems affecting much of California, other western states, and arid regions throughout the world. In California, as surface and groundwater supplies become scarcer, and as wastewater streams become more concentrated, salinity and nitrate impairments are occurring with greater frequency and magnitude. In 2006, the Central Valley Water Board, the State Water Board, and stakeholders began a joint effort to address salinity and nitrate problems in California’s Central Valley and adopt long-term solutions that will lead to enhanced water quality and economic sustainability. Central Valley Salinity Alternatives for Long-Term Sustainability (CV-SALTS) is a collaborative basin planning effort aimed at developing and implementing a comprehensive salinity and nitrate management program. The goal of CV-SALTS is to maintain a healthy environment and a good quality of life for all Californians by protecting our most essential and vulnerable resource: WATER. In July 2008, the Central Valley Salinity Coalition (CVSC) was formed. CVSC represents stakeholder groups working with the Board in the CV-SALTS effort. Its purpose is to organize, facilitate and fund efforts needed to fulfill the goals of CV-SALTS. CVSC coordinates the meetings of the CV-SALTS committees, maintains an independent web site, and manages the projects originating from this effort. Information and materials regarding the stakeholder committees and other activity, including the meeting schedule, are posted on their website: www.cvsalinity.org. The Final SNMP for Central Valley Water Board Consideration was completed in December 2016. The Central Valley Water Board staff plans to release this version of the SNMP and all of its supporting attachments in January 2017 for a comment period so that the public has the opportunity to review the SNMP documentation before a general information workshop is held with the Central Valley Water Board, currently planned for March 2017.

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Changes in Evapotranspiration of Agricultural Crops in Kern County during the 2014-2015 Drought Years

University of California, Davis (UC Davis) | September 5th, 2017

Summary

The 2012-2015 drought in California has major impacts for agricultural water users in Kern County. Farmers shifted crop planting patterns and irrigation scheduling to min

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Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR-Observed Surface Deformation

American Geophysical Union (AGU) | March 4th, 2021

Summary

Surface deformation in California's Central Valley (CV) has long been linked to changes in groundwater storage. Recent advances in remote sensing have enabled the mappin

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Characterizing pyrethroid and fipronil concentrations in biosolids

Science of the Total Environment (Elsevier) | February 28th, 2025

Summary

Pesticides are prevalent in wastewater, yet few studies have measured pesticides in biosolids and aqueous media from samples collected concurrently. Seventeen California

Pesticides are prevalent in wastewater, yet few studies have measured pesticides in biosolids and aqueous media from samples collected concurrently. Seventeen California wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were sampled in May 2020. Biosolids samples were analyzed for 27 analytes, and paired aqueous samples (influent and effluent) were analyzed for 23 analytes. Analytes included fipronil and its transformation products (fiproles), pyrethroids, novaluron, and several other pesticides with down-the-drain transport potential. Of the 27 compounds analyzed in biosolids samples, 16 were detected in at least one sample, and 10 had a detection frequency (DF) of at least 25 %. Fipronil sulfone, fipronil sulfide, and fipronil were the most frequently detected fiproles (DF = 100 %, 94 %, and 67 %, respectively); permethrin was the most frequently detected pyrethroid (DF = 100 %), followed by bifenthrin (DF = 94 %), cyhalothrin (DF = 89 %), and etofenprox (DF = 78 %). To elucidate fipronil transformation pathways within the treatment system, data from the three sample types were compared; findings were generally consistent with transformation pathways reported previously (e.g., some fiproles were rarely detected in influent or biosolids, but frequently detected in effluent, indicating their formation during the treatment process). No correlations were found between WWTP characteristics and pesticide concentrations in biosolids. The fraction of organic carbon (fOC) of each biosolids sample was measured, and a statistically significant negative correlation was observed between fOC and some fiproles, but not fipronil; possible explanations are discussed. Additional analysis for two major agricultural pesticides (bifenthrin and permethrin) indicated that estimated mass loads of these pesticides in biosolids applied to land as a soil amendment are minimal (approximately 2 to 3 orders of magnitude lower) compared to inputs from agricultural applications. This study provides insight on the magnitude of pesticides entering the environment via land-applied biosolids; existing regulations surrounding agricultural pesticide applications are expected to also be protective of the relatively low inputs from biosolids.

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City of Fresno et al v. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation et al

United States Court of of Federal Claims | December 17th, 2024

Summary

In this case, we are called upon to review how the federal government resolved a particular dispute over water distribution during the drought-ridden year of 2014

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Civic Engagement and Water Data: How Can California Make Data Work for Decision Makers?

University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley) | September 1st, 2020

Summary

Much attention is focused on water data in California, and for good reason. California is struggling to make decisions that adapt its water systems to pressures such as

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Classifying California’s stream thermal regimes for cold-water conservation

PLOS | August 20th, 2021

Summary

Stream temperature science and management is rapidly shifting from single-metric driven approaches to multi-metric, thermal regime characterizations of streamscapes. Giv

Stream temperature science and management is rapidly shifting from single-metric driven approaches to multi-metric, thermal regime characterizations of streamscapes. Given considerable investments in recovery of cold-water fisheries (e.g., Pacific salmon and other declining native species), understanding where cold water is likely to persist, and how coldwater thermal regimes vary, is critical for conservation. California’s unique position at the southern end of cold-water ecosystems in the northern hemisphere, variable geography and hydrology, and extensive flow regulation requires a systematic approach to thermal regime classification. We used publicly available, long-term (> 8 years) stream temperature data from 77 sites across California to model their thermal regimes, calculate three temperature metrics, and use the metrics to classify each regime with an agglomerative nesting algorithm. Then, we assessed the variation in each class and considered underlying physical or anthropogenic factors that could explain differences between classes. Finally, we considered how different classes might fit existing criteria for cool- or cold-water thermal regimes, and how those differences complicate efforts to manage stream temperature through regulation. Our results demonstrate that cool- and cold-water thermal regimes vary spatially across California. Several salient findings emerge from this study. Groundwater-dominated streams are a ubiquitous, but as yet, poorly explored class of thermal regimes. Further, flow regulation below dams imposes serial discontinuities, including artificial thermal regimes on downstream ecosystems. Finally, and contrary to what is often assumed, California reservoirs do not contain sufficient cold-water storage to replicate desirable, reach-scale thermal regimes. While barriers to cold-water conservation are considerable and the trajectory of cold-water species towards extinction is dire, protecting reaches that demonstrate resilience to climate warming remains worthwhile.

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Clay minerals in the late Quaternary sediment of Tulare Lake, California: Implications for climate change, weathering, and erosion processes

International Journal of Sediment Research (Elsevier) | October 1st, 2019

Summary

The clay mineralogy of Tulare Lake sediment was examined to investigate hydroclimatic and environmental changes in the southern Sierra Nevada Mountains (SNM) since the mo

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Climate Action Plan Phase 1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Plan Update 2023

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | March 22nd, 2024

Summary

DWR developed the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Plan Update 2023 (Update 2023) to review its GHG reductions since Update 2020 and to update strategies for further re

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Climate and land change impacts on future managed wetland habitat: a case study from California’s Central Valley

Landscape Ecology (Springer) | January 7th, 2022

Summary

Concept California’s Central Valley provides critical habitat for migratory waterbirds, yet only 10% of naturally occurring wetlands remain. Competition for limited wa

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Tulare Lake

Central Valley Region Salt and Nitrate Management Plan

Changes in Evapotranspiration of Agricultural Crops in Kern County during the 2014-2015 Drought Years

Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR-Observed Surface Deformation

Characterizing pyrethroid and fipronil concentrations in biosolids

City of Fresno et al v. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation et al

Civic Engagement and Water Data: How Can California Make Data Work for Decision Makers?

Classifying California’s stream thermal regimes for cold-water conservation

Clay minerals in the late Quaternary sediment of Tulare Lake, California: Implications for climate change, weathering, and erosion processes

Climate Action Plan Phase 1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Plan Update 2023

Climate and land change impacts on future managed wetland habitat: a case study from California’s Central Valley

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