Central Coast

California's Rivers and Streams

Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) | January 26th, 2026

California's Volatile Hydroclimate: Lessons From the Paleoclimate Record

American Geophysical Union (AGU) | November 24th, 2021

California's Water Supply Strategy: Adapting to a Hotter, Drier Future

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | August 16th, 2022

California's Water Supply Strategy: Adapting to a Hotter, Drier Future

Office of Governor Gavin Newsom | August 11th, 2022

California's Water–Energy Relationship

California Energy Commission (CEC) | November 1st, 2005

This report examines the dynamic give-and-take relationship between California’s water and energy resources. Among many other issues, this staff report examines the s

This report examines the dynamic give-and-take relationship between California’s water and energy resources. Among many other issues, this staff report examines the state’s water sector and its energy use, along with changes likely to occur in the future.

California’s Coast and Ocean Summary Report

California Energy Commission (CEC) | August 27th, 2018

This report synthesizes current scientific understanding about the impacts of climate change on California’s coast and ocean and presents a forward-looking summary of

This report synthesizes current scientific understanding about the impacts of climate change on California’s coast and ocean and presents a forward-looking summary of challenges and opportunities for the future. It is one component of California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment (Fourth Assessment). To prepare this report, the state called upon the California Ocean Protection Council (OPC) and California Ocean Science Trust (OST) to convene an Ocean Protection Council Science Advisory Team (OPC-SAT) working group composed of science and policy leaders. Similar to other components of the Fourth Assessment, the 12-member working group was guided by an Advisory Group of end users and high-level decision-makers. This report is intended to provide accessible scientific information that is relevant for policy and decision-makers, build a foundation for policy to address climate change impacts through adaptation and mitigation, highlight best practices and models for coastal adaptation to climate change along the coast, and inform interested members of the public on the impacts of climate change on California’s coast and ocean waters and potential approaches for adaptation and mitigation. It will also inform the next update of the Safeguarding California plan, a policy document serving as California’s climate adaptation strategy, by presenting a scientific grounding to help focus and prioritize future state adaptation efforts.

California’s Groundwater Conditions Semi-Annual Update: October 2022

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | October 15th, 2022

This report is a semi-annual update of the annual Groundwater Conditions Report published in March 2022 and part of DWR’s California’s Groundwater (Bulletin 118). Wat

This report is a semi-annual update of the annual Groundwater Conditions Report published in March 2022 and part of DWR’s California’s Groundwater (Bulletin 118). Water Year 2022 groundwater data used in this report includes data received electronically by DWR as of August 31, 2022.

California’s Groundwater Conditions: Semi-Annual Update, October 2023, Fall Bulletin 118 Information Update

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | October 12th, 2023

This semi-annual report presents data received by DWR as of August 31, 2023, and partially reflects the impacts of recent storms, flooding, and natural and managed aquife

This semi-annual report presents data received by DWR as of August 31, 2023, and partially reflects the impacts of recent storms, flooding, and natural and managed aquifer recharge. However, it should be noted that groundwater response is a slow process and takes months to years to fully respond to changes in surface water conditions.

California’s Groundwater: Bulletin 118 — Update 2025 Highlights

California Department of Water Resources (DWR) | October 20th, 2025

California’s Groundwater: Bulletin 118 — Update 2025 (CalGW Update 2025) serves as the most up-to-date and comprehensive compendium of statewide data and information

California’s Groundwater: Bulletin 118 — Update 2025 (CalGW Update 2025) serves as the most up-to-date and comprehensive compendium of statewide data and information on the occurrence, nature, uses, management, climate change vulnerability, monitoring, and conditions of California’s groundwater resources. Building on the legacy of Bulletin 118 and past California Water Plans, CalGW Update 2025 synthesizes recent data — available up to December 2023 — and closes key knowledge gaps to inform more effective statewide groundwater planning and decision-making.  CalGW Update 2025 consists of this Highlights document and a detailed statewide report, supported by a series of appendices. 

California’s Severe Drought Has Only Marginal Impacts on Food Prices

University of California Giannini Foundation of Agricultural Economics | May 14th, 2015

The extreme drought that has gripped California over the past several years is causing onerous adjustments in the natural and human environments. Agriculture, which uses

The extreme drought that has gripped California over the past several years is causing onerous adjustments in the natural and human environments. Agriculture, which uses much of the state’s water, is at the center of many of these arduous responses. The 2015 impacts of the continuing drought are still underway, but in this special Agriculture and Resource Economics Update issue, we project responses and consequences within agriculture and more broadly. In this issue, Hanak and Mount put this drought in the context of California’s history and put agriculture in the context of water institutions, management, and distribution throughout the state. Next, Medellin-Azuara and co-authors develop detailed, and albeit preliminary, assessments of 2015 irrigation water distribution. They estimate a cut to agriculture of about 8.8 million acre-feet, or about 30% of what might be available in a normal year. (This number may be an underestimate given recent events.) During droughts, farms increase groundwater pumping. The authors estimate that farmers and ranchers will replace about 6.2 million acre-feet of lost surface water deliveries with costly increases in groundwater pumping, where possible in 2015. Another painful response to drought is to leave land idle. The authors estimate about 564,000 more acres, mostly field crop land in the Central Valley (including irrigated pastures), will be idled in 2015. This too may be an underestimate. USDA reported on June 30, that 2015 California acreage of “principal crops,” (defined as field crops such as hay, grains, oilseeds, cotton and potatoes) is about 900,000 acres below the 2013 total of about four million acres. Over this period, tree nut and tomato acreage increased by about 180,000 acres. So, even accounting for the steady shift to tree nuts and some other higher revenue per acre (and per acre-foot) crops, there is a strong indication of severely accelerated reductions in field crop acreage in California. The economic toll of the drought is fewer jobs and smaller value of output and economic contribution that would have otherwise occurred. Based on 564,000 idled acres, Howitt et al. estimates farm revenue losses of $1.8 billion, economy-wide revenue losses of $2.7 billion, and 18,600 fewer jobs due to the agricultural drought. That these economic impacts are not even larger is a testament to the extraordinary efforts and innovations by farmers, and others in California agriculture. Idling land, shifting water across crops, and using each acre-foot more economically all have led to smaller losses of revenue and jobs, and only very small price increases for consumers.