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2017 Salinas Valley Groundwater Level Contours & Seawater Intrusion Maps
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2017 Salinas Valley Groundwater Level Contours & Seawater Intrusion Maps
Monterey County Water Resources Agency (MCWRA) | April 24, 2018...
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A Water Resources Data Network Evaluation for Monterey County, California; Phase 1; South County
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A Water Resources Data Network Evaluation for Monterey County, California; Phase 1; South County
U..S. Geological Survey (USGS), Monterey County Flood Control and Water Conservation District | July 12, 1986...
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An evaluation made of rainfall, surface water, groundwater, and water quality monitoring networks in Salinas River basin in southern Monterey County, California, proposed...
An evaluation made of rainfall, surface water, groundwater, and water quality monitoring networks in Salinas River basin in southern Monterey County, California, proposed all long-term rain gages be continued for extending short-term records and suggested the installation of two additional recording gages. Eight new storage rain gages were suggested at midaltitudes of east and west sides of Salinas Valley where few data are available. The evaluation revealed some short-term gaging stations could be discontinued because of good regression relations between them and the long-term stations Arroyo Seco near Soledad.

Of 16 stations selected for the proposed network, 4 are new recording stations, 6 are new nonrecording streamflow and water quality sampling sites, 5 are existing stations, and the last is a station operated from 1969 to 1976; also included are water quality sampling stations on Lakes Nacimiento and San Antonio. The proposed groundwater network was developed from information on geology, geohydrology, and groundwater quality, high priority objectives for groundwater network, and consideration for providing good areal coverage of levels and water quality. Of 145 sites selected, 86 are existing monitoring wells.

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A Water Resources Data Network Evaluation for Monterey County, California; Phase 3, Northern Salinas River Drainage Basin
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A Water Resources Data Network Evaluation for Monterey County, California; Phase 3, Northern Salinas River Drainage Basin
U.S. Geological Survey, Monterey County Flood Control and Water Conservation District | December 13, 1990...
Summary
Continuing data collection and analysis are vital to efficient development and management of water resources. To insure that water managers have adequate information...
Continuing data collection and analysis are vital to efficient development and management of water resources. To insure that water managers have adequate information on conditions and trends, data-collection programs must be evaluated and updated periodically. Changes in population, land use, and agricultural practices may increase the demand for water, so that effective water management and supporting data collection become even more critical. Consideration of cost effectiveness, however, means that every site must count, and redundancy must be minimized. Water resources management and monitoring are ever-changing, and periodic reevaluation is a necessary part of this process. This report presents an evaluation of precipitation, surface-water, and ground-water monitoring networks in the northern Salinas River drainage basin of Monterey County, California. This report is third in a series of reports prepared in cooperation with the Monterey County Flood Control and Water Conservation District (MCFCWCD). The phase 1 report (Showalter and Hoffard, 1986) covers the southern Salinas River drainage basin, the phase 2 report covers the north county and coastal areas of Monterey County (W.E. Templin, P.E. Smith, and R.C. Schluter, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1989), and this report (phase 3) covers the northern Salinas River drainage basin.

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 1: Project and Technical Report Outline

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 1: Project and Technical Report Outline
University of California, Davis (UC Davis) | July 2, 2012...
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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 2: Nitrogen Sources and Loading to Groundwater

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 2: Nitrogen Sources and Loading to Groundwater
University of California, Davis (UC Davis) | July 2, 2012...
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Nitrate loading to groundwater in the Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley is widespread and chronic, and is overwhelmingly the result of crop and...
Nitrate loading to groundwater in the Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley is widespread and chronic, and is overwhelmingly the result of crop and animal agricultural activities. Urban wastewater, septic systems, and other sources may have significant localized impact. Due to long transit times, the impact on groundwater resources is a legacy for years and decades to come.

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 3: Nitrogen Source Reduction to Protect Groundwater Quality

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 3: Nitrogen Source Reduction to Protect Groundwater Quality
University of California, Davis (UC Davis) | July 2, 2012...
Summary
Although reduction of anthropogenic loading of nitrate to groundwater aquifers will not reduce contamination in the short term (due to long travel times), reduction...
Although reduction of anthropogenic loading of nitrate to groundwater aquifers will not reduce contamination in the short term (due to long travel times), reduction efforts are a critical component of any long term solution to the problem of high nitrate in drinking water. Technologies are available for reducing the transfer of nitrate to groundwater from surface sources. Such technologies involve (1) reducing the amount of nitrogen (N) discharged or applied to the land and (2) controlling the amount of water applied to land which serves as the carrier of nitrate. Many of these source control methods require changes in land management and upgrading of infrastructure.

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 4: Groundwater Nitrate Occurrence

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 4: Groundwater Nitrate Occurrence
University of California, Davis (UC Davis) | July 2, 2012...
Summary
This report reviews the hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Tulare Lake Basin (TLB) and Salinas Valley (SV). We also assembled groundwater quality data...
This report reviews the hydrogeology and groundwater quality in the Tulare Lake Basin (TLB) and Salinas Valley (SV). We also assembled groundwater quality data from nearly two dozen local, state, and federal agencies and other sources into a dataset, here referred to as the (Central) California Ambient Spatio-Temporal Information on Nitrate in Groundwater (CASTING) dataset. The dataset combines nitrate concentrations from 16,709 individual samples taken at 1,890 wells in the Salinas Valley (SV) and from 83,375 individual samples taken at 17,205 wells in the Tulare Lake Basin (TLB) collected from the 1940s to 2011, accounting for a total of 100,084 samples from 19,095 wells. Almost 70% of these samples were collected from 2000 to 2010; only 15% of the samples were collected prior to 1990. Half of all wells sampled had no recorded samples prior to 2000.

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 5

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 5
University of California, Davis (UC Davis) | July 31, 2012...
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This report explores methods and costs of remediation of groundwater nitrate contamination in the Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley. Groundwater cleanup, or remediation,...
This report explores methods and costs of remediation of groundwater nitrate contamination in the Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley. Groundwater cleanup, or remediation, is one of the most difficult actions in the environmental sciences, even when done on the scale of a small contaminant plume (1000s of cubic meters). Remediation of entire groundwater basins has never been attempted at the scale and depths of the Salinas Valley and Tulare Lake Basin, on the order of billions of cubic meters.

This analysis shows that direct remediation to remove nitrate from large groundwater basins is extremely costly and not technically feasible. In situ remediation, though technologically infeasible as a regional remedy, is appropriate in certain areas of shallow groundwater with high contaminant levels. Traditional pump and treat (ex situ) methods are too slow to produce results on the regional scale in an acceptable time frame, prohibitively expensive, and impractical to implement.

A novel form of pump-and-treat remediation is possible in the study area, but not yet widely practiced. By monitoring the nitrogen content of pumped irrigation water, and taking that ambient nutrient source into account when calculating additive fertilizer amounts, farmers can reduce the amount of nitrogen input to the aquifer. Such an approach is not unlike phytoremediation and is herein called “pump-and fertilize.”

Pump-and-fertilize is part of an effective nutrient management program. Due to the nature of irrigation with groundwater, it is as much a source reduction method as it is a form of groundwater remediation. Hot spot and pump-and-fertilize remediation alone will not solve the problem of groundwater nitrate contamination. A new approach is needed that combines regional groundwater and nitrogen management strategies. This approach would include monitoring, source reduction, maximization of clean groundwater recharge across agricultural landscapes, pump-and-fertilize, and in situ treatment targeted at shallow, high-concentration plumes to place regional water quality on a trajectory toward improvement. Modeling and monitoring of regional groundwater quality are integral to an effective long-term management strategy.

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 6: Drinking Water Treatment for Nitrate

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 6: Drinking Water Treatment for Nitrate
University of California, Davis (UC Davis) | July 2, 2012...
Summary
The purpose of the first three sections of this document is to provide a detailed guide to the current state of nitrate treatment alternatives...
The purpose of the first three sections of this document is to provide a detailed guide to the current state of nitrate treatment alternatives that can be used as a reference tool for the drinking water community. The remainder of this document focuses on nitrate treatment of drinking water in California and specifically in the Tulare Lake Basin and the Salinas Valley.

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 7: Alternative Water Supply Options for Nitrate Contamination

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 7: Alternative Water Supply Options for Nitrate Contamination
University of California, Davis (UC Davis) | July 2, 2012...
Summary
The Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley were chosen as pilot study areas because communities in these regions are faced with the need to...
The Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley were chosen as pilot study areas because communities in these regions are faced with the need to manage high nitrate loads from agricultural lands and dairies, have a high risk of exposure to nitrate contamination in groundwater, and often cannot afford treatment or alternative water supply options. These factors combine to make the Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley highly susceptible to health effects from nitrate in drinking water.

There are 371 active community public water systems (CPWS) and 30 state small water systems (SSWS) in the study area (281 and 120 in the Tulare Lake Basin and Salinas Valley, respectively). These systems supply water to about 2.4 million people. An estimated additional 245,490 people in these regions get their drinking water from an estimated 74,400 private domestic wells (self-supplied households or local small water systems with fewer than five connections) that are unregulated and largely unmonitored.

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2017 Salinas Valley Groundwater Level Contours & Seawater Intrusion Maps

2017 Salinas Valley Groundwater Level Contours & Seawater Intrusion Maps

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A Water Resources Data Network Evaluation for Monterey County, California; Phase 1; South County

A Water Resources Data Network Evaluation for Monterey County, California; Phase 1; South County

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A Water Resources Data Network Evaluation for Monterey County, California; Phase 3, Northern Salinas River Drainage Basin

A Water Resources Data Network Evaluation for Monterey County, California; Phase 3, Northern Salinas River Drainage Basin

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 1: Project and Technical Report Outline

Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 1: Project and Technical Report Outline

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 2: Nitrogen Sources and Loading to Groundwater

Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 2: Nitrogen Sources and Loading to Groundwater

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 3: Nitrogen Source Reduction to Protect Groundwater Quality

Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 3: Nitrogen Source Reduction to Protect Groundwater Quality

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 4: Groundwater Nitrate Occurrence

Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 4: Groundwater Nitrate Occurrence

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 5

Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 5

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 6: Drinking Water Treatment for Nitrate

Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 6: Drinking Water Treatment for Nitrate

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Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 7: Alternative Water Supply Options for Nitrate Contamination

Addressing Nitrate in California’s Drinking Water Technical Report 7: Alternative Water Supply Options for Nitrate Contamination

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